Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq general. Dengue, dengue virus, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, flavivirus, aedes mosquitoes, dhf, df, dss. Dengue is often a leading cause of illness in areas. Dengue fever is a severe, flulike illness that affects infants, young children and adults, but seldom causes death. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health. About 1 in 20 people with dengue will develop severe dengue. Dengue is a viral disease spread through mosquito bites.
They cause a disease known as dengue fever, but they can also cause a more severe form of illness known as dengue hemorrhagic fever or severe dengue, which potentially can be fatal. Aedes mosquitoes also spread chikungunya and zika viruses. The disease can take up to 2 weeks to develop with illness generally lasting less than a week. Dengue fever is estimated by the world health organization who to cause about 50100 million infections per year worldwide. Countries or territories in which dengue or dengue haemorrhagic fever is known to occur, by who region, 19751996 pdf, 26kb annex 2. A set of guidelines for the case management of cf, based on our current level of understanding of the disease, has also been proposed. These may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains, and a characteristic skin rash. Dengue fever is an infectious disease carried by mosquitoes and caused by any of four related dengue viruses. Around the time the fever begins to subside usually 37 days after symptom onset, the patient may develop warning signs of severe disease.
Health experts have known about dengue fever for more than 200 years. A program for prevention and control of epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in puerto rico and the u. A rapid deterioration can occur 25 days after onset of fever. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne disease characterized by acute onset of fever and rash. Dengue infectious diseases merck manuals professional edition. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Warning signs generally begin in the 2448 hours after the fever has gone away. The vaccine is given in three doses over the course of 12 months. Dengue fever usually results in abrupt onset of high fever, headache, myalgias, arthralgias, and generalized lymphadenopathy, followed by a rash that appears with a 2nd temperature rise after an afebrile period. Dengue fever dengue virus and zika virus infections have similar clinical manifestations and are transmitted by the same mosquito. The interface allows users to interact and manipulate the data to produce a variety of tables and maps.
In this study, performed in the first half of 2002, samples from 1,559 patients wi. Dengue fever prevention and vaccination passport health. Dengue is a mosquitoborne viral disease widely spread in tropical and subtropical regions. Feb 06, 2020 one dengue fever vaccine, dengvaxia, is currently approved for use in those ages 9 to 45 who live in areas with a high incidence of dengue fever. Dengvaxia prevents dengue infections slightly more than half the time. Dengue fever frequently asked questions faq for early child.
When you develop a high fever within 2 weeks of travel to an area where dengue fever is endemic or an outbreak is occurring. Dengue fever is a mosquitoborne virus affecting more than 390 million people each year. Dengue fever, also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquitoborne infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Dengue fever is a viral infection that can cause lifethreatening illness, milder flulike illness, or no symptoms at all. Dengue fever, a very old disease, has reemerged in the past 20 years with an expanded geographic distribution of both the viruses and the mosquito vectors, increased epidemic activity, the development of hyperendemicity the cocirculation of multiple serotypes, and the emergence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in new geographic regions. Dengue fever symptoms include sudden onset of a fever that may last from 2 to 7 days with intense headache, joint and muscle pain, and a rash. According to the who criteria, dengue fever df, dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf, and dengue shock syndrome dss were observed in 30. Comprehensive guidelines for prevention and control of dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever vii dengue fever is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes mosquitoes with major public health consequences in over 100 tropical and subtropical countries in southeast asia, the western pacific and south and central america.
The viruses that cause dengue fever are related to those that. The threat of dengue in europe has increased in the last few years. Centers for disease control and prevention office of public health scientific services ophss center for surveillance, epidemiology, and laboratory services csels. A small proportion of cases can progress to severe dengue sometimes called dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, which can occur in both adults and children. Dengue, dengue virus, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, flavivirus, aedes mosquitoes, dhf, df, dss skip directly to site content skip directly to page options skip directly to az link centers for disease control and prevention. Do people who have contracted dengue fever need to be. Dengue fever prevention passport health travel clinics. Guidelines for dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever. Dengue is a mosquitoborne viral disease spread from human to human via mosquitoes. Symptoms include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, rash, pain in the eyes, joints, and muscles, and minor bleeding. In recent decades, the number of new cases of dengue has increased. Dengue fever is a virus transmitted to humans through bites from the aedes mosquito, a daybiting mosquito. Overview of dengue and zika virus similarity, what can we learn from. Reporting forms when reporting cases of dengue, dengue hemorrhagic fever, or dengue shock syndrome, local andor regional health agencies must complete a mosquitoborne disease case investigation form.
Jan 27, 2016 a program for prevention and control of epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever in puerto rico and the u. Dengue viruses are spread to people through the bite of an infected aedes species ae. Disease data from ecdc surveillance atlas dengue fever. Travelers can prevent dengue centers for disease control.
The dengue viruses, a group of four closely related viruses, are transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. Dengue is common in the us territories of puerto rico, the us virgin islands, and american samoa. Dengue fever ryan gentry, ba, mph isdh field epidemiology director globally, dengue is the most common mosquitoborne viral disease of humans and in recent years has become a major international public health concern. Remember to tell the nurse or doctor where youve been travelling. Dengue fever, and especially the more severe manifestation dengue haemorrhagic fever, ranks highly among new and newly emerging. Surveillance for dengue and dengueassociated neurologic. The complications of severe dengue can lead to collapse and sometimes death.
Until 1930, dengue fever was endemic in the countries of southern europe where the vector ae. Guidelines for prevention and control of chikungunya fever vii there are important gaps in our knowledge base about chikungunya fever and priorities for research have been outlined in a separate searo publication. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle and joint pains, and a. Dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome some patients with dengue fever go on to develop dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf, a severe and sometimes fatal form of the disease. Igm in a single serum sample suggests a probable recent dengue infection and should be considered diagnostic for dengue if the infection most likely occurred in a place where other potentially crossreactive flaviviruses such as zika, west nile, yellow fever, and japanese encephalitis viruses are not a risk. Dengue fever vaccine, symptoms, treatment, prevention. This acute febrile illness can be a deadly infection in cases of severe manifestation, causing dengue hemorrhagic shock. Infection with the dengue virus can cause severe flulike symptoms.
Introduction dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf result from infection by any of four serotypes of dengue viruses. The centers for disease control and prevention cdc cannot attest to the accuracy of a nonfederal. Emergence of epidemic denguedengue hemorrhagic fever as a public health problem in the americas. Health effects from dengue include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, rash, muscle and joint pain, and minor bleeding. Reports of these concomitant infections are scarce and there is no evidence of more severe clinical and biological pictures than single infections. Centers for disease control and prevention cdc considers dengue fever to cause the majority of acute febrile illnesses in travelers returning to the u. The 20192020 influenza season began on september 29, 2019.
Infants and young children may have a nonspecific febrile illness with rash. Is dengue and malaria coinfection more severe than single. Interim assessment of the response by the hawaii state. Denguespecific igm antibodies present in serum with a pn ratio. Mar 12, 2020 dengue is an infection caused by a virus. Dengue fever slide by christine bancod 33777 views. Dengue virus may be passed from a mother to her unborn baby. A subset of 1,831 dengue hemorrhagic fever cases occurred.
Dec 26, 2006 dengue fever power point by orlandito12 268630 views. There are four types of the virus, which are called serotypes, and these are referred to as denv 1, denv. Dengue is a mosquitoborne disease caused by a flavivirus. Dengue fever is a viral disease that is spread by infected mosquitoes. Transmission occurs through the bite of infected aedes mosquitoes, principally aedes aegypti, which is also the principal urban vector of yellow fever. Travel to a dengue endemic country or presence at location with ongoing outbreak within previous two weeks of denguelike illness, or. The mosquitos that carry this disease are mainly in tropical areas so travelers may arrive in the. There are four dengue virus denv types denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4, all of which are capable of inducing severe disease dengue hemorrhagic fever dhfdengue shock syndrome dss. Birth, death, marriage and divorce records ems provider licensure food handler cards. Dengue and malaria are two major arthropodborne infections in tropical areas, but dual infections were only described for the first time in 2005. Dengue chapter 4 2020 yellow book travelers health cdc. Nearly all dengue cases reported in the 48 contiguous us states were in travelers infected elsewhere.
From 1975 through 2009, symptomatic dengue virus infections were classified according to the who guidelines as dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever dhf, and dengue shock syndrome the most severe form of dhf. Cdc blogs public health matters blog dengue fever sharing our stories on preparing for and responding to public health events. It likely originated in africa or southeast asia and was then carried to other parts of the world through travel and. Take acetaminophen tylenol or panadol as needed for fever and pain. Dengue occurs in many tropical and subtropical areas of the world, particularly subsaharan africa, the middle east, southeast asia, and central and south america. The virus is most commonly spread to a human through the bite of an infected mosquito. Centers for disease control and prevention office of public health scientific services ophss center for surveillance, epidemiology, and laboratory services csels division of health informatics and surveillance dhis national notifiable diseases surveillance system nndss. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. The vaccine is approved only for older children because younger. Dengue is a disease caused by a virus spread through mosquito bites. Recent research shows dengue is between 100 and 800 years old. In rare cases severe dengue can develop after the initial symptoms.
These studies investigated dengue fever, aedes mosquitoes, and zika virus. The surveillance atlas of infectious diseases is a tool that interacts with the latest available data about a number of infectious diseases. Dengue fever df is the fastest emerging arboviral infection spread by aedes aegypti mosquitoes with major public health consequences for millions of people around the world, and in particular the southeast asia and asiapacific regions of the world health organization who. Dengue virus may cause a mild to severe viral infection. For the identification of dengue virus serotypes 1, 2, 3 or 4 from viral rna in serum or plasma. Department of health and human services centers for. Dengue fever is a disease spread by the aedes aegypti mosquito and caused by one of four dengue viruses that are closely related. Dengue is a febrile illness that can have a fatal outcome in severe cases.
You may be at risk for dengue virus if you travel or live in an area with infected mosquitos. The current extended texas influenza surveillance report is available in pdf format. Although the fever has gone away, the next phase of dengue can be dangerous for some people. In some cases it leads to dengue haemorrhagic fever, also known as severe dengue, which affects the bodys vascular system how blood moves through the body.
It causes high fever, severe headache, pain behind the eye, joint pain, and muscle pain. Do not take aspirin, ibuprofen advil, or naproxen aleve, since these may increase bleeding. Dengue is defined by fever as reported by the patient or healthcare provider and the presence of one or more of the following signs and symptoms. Accerlerated hypertension by sachin verma 3403 views. Dengue fever virus denv is an rna virus of the family flaviviridae. Caring for a child or family member sick with dengue. It is a caused by a flavivirus with four distinct serotypes dv1, dv2, dv3, and dv4. Dengue is a febrile illness caused by a flavivirus transmitted by aedes aegypti or aedes albopictus mosquitoes while taking a blood meal. Approximately 100 million dengue illnesses occur each year in endemic countries throughout the tropical world. Dengue is a disease caused by the bite of a mosquito infected with any one of four specific dengue viruses. Disease surveillance and outbreak prevention and control pdf, 58kb chapter 7.
The clinical features of dengue fever vary according to the age of the patient. When youre planning for international travel, visit the centers for disease control and prevention travelers health page at to get the. Dengue is a disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses denv1, denv2, denv3, and denv4. A program for prevention and control of epidemic dengue. Infection from one viral type does not provide immunity to the others, and may lead to more severe disease such as dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Dengue fever breakbone fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever. To compare coinfections to dengue alone and malaria alone, a retrospective matchedpair study was. While most of the clinical cases present a febrile illness, severe forms including hemorrhagic fevers and shock with fatalities are reported. If you are bitten by an infected mosquito, symptoms can take up to 2 weeks to develop but usually last less than a week. Forty percent of the worlds population, about 3 billion people, live in areas with a risk of dengue.
Treatment of dengue fever article pdf available in infection and drug resistance 51. In 1927 and 1928, several outbreaks in greece and turkey affected more than a million people and killed up to 1500. Most are transmitted by arthropods mosquitoes or ticks, and are therefore also referred to as arboviruses arthropodborne viruses. Do breastfeeding mothers need to take extra precautions. Severe dengue requires hospitalization and can be life threatening. Who do i contact with other questions about dengue fever. Dengue fever statistics pdf from the 2017 oregon communicable disease. This disease used to be called breakbone fever because it sometimes causes severe joint and muscle pain that feels like bones are breaking. Dengue fever is caused by one of four viral serotypes dengue 14. Department of health and human services, public health service, centers for disease control and prevention.
In the united states, local dengue outbreaks most recently occurred in hawaii 2015, florida. While the disease is generally mild, it can be deadly. Clinical diagnosis what to look for when you evaluate patients for dhf how to treat dengue fever clinical management laboratory diagnosis epidemiology dengue is a mosquitoborne disease caused by any one of four closely related dengue viruses denv1, 2, 3, and 4. Dengue fever is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas. The disease is transmitted by aedes mosquitoes, which breed in the peridomestic environment. To diagnose dengue fever, particularly if you are experiencing fever after travel to a tropical or subtropical destination. Dengue is an arboviral disease of major public health significance caused by. Call nhs 111 or see your gp if you develop a fever or flulike symptoms up to 2 weeks after visitng an area where the dengue virus is found.
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